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<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\nCumhuriyet d\u00f6neminde ise sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerinin politika olarak ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 1920\u2019li y\u0131llarda ba\u015fl\u0131yor. 23 Nisan 1920 tarihinde TBMM ile birlikte sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerinin, devletin temel g\u00f6revlerinden biri olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi ba\u015fl\u0131yor. Ve ard\u0131ndan 2 May\u0131s 1920\u2019de Sa\u011fl\u0131k ve Sosyal Yard\u0131m Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (SSYB) kuruluyor. Sava\u015flar\u0131n da sebep oldu\u011fu sosyo-ekonomik y\u0131pranma, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 insan g\u00fcc\u00fc yetersizli\u011fi d\u00f6nemin salg\u0131n hastal\u0131klar\u0131yla m\u00fccadelesi i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck engellerdi. Bu anlamda Cumhuriyet\u2019in ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda salg\u0131n hastal\u0131klarla m\u00fccadeleyle ilgili bir\u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yap\u0131lmaya ba\u015flan\u0131yor. 1924\u2019ten itibaren Dispanserlerin a\u00e7\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. 1925\u2019de sa\u011fl\u0131k alan\u0131nda politikalar olu\u015fturulmaya ba\u015flan\u0131yor. Bu politikalar\u0131n i\u00e7eriside s\u0131tma, verem, frengi, trahom gibi salg\u0131n hastal\u0131klarla m\u00fccadele etmek, hekim, sa\u011fl\u0131k memuru ve ebe yeti\u015ftirmek, sa\u011fl\u0131k ile ilgili kanunlar yapmak ve Merkez H\u0131fz\u0131ss\u0131hha Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc ve H\u0131fz\u0131ss\u0131hha Okulu kurmak gibi \u00f6nemli hedefler var. Ayn\u0131 zamanda \u201cSeyyar Tabiplik\u201d uygulamas\u0131 ile halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in k\u00f6ylere ziyaretler ve e\u011fitimler verilmeye ba\u015flan\u0131yor. Bu politikalar\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131nda d\u00f6nemin Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakan\u0131 Refik Saydam, \u00f6nemli rol oynuyor ve bu konuda \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli ad\u0131mlar at\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"http:\/\/agorapostasi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/o-1.jpg\")
10 May\u0131s 1928\u2019de meclise bir tasar\u0131 sunuluyor ve bu tasar\u0131ya g\u00f6re halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bilimsel geli\u015fmelerin izlenmesi gerekti\u011fi ve bu y\u00fczden de uzmanlardan olu\u015fan bir kuruma gereksinim oldu\u011fu belirtiliyor. Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminde a\u00e7\u0131lan \u00e7o\u011fu kurumun ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapmaya y\u00f6nelik oldu\u011funu, uzmanlar taraf\u0131ndan kurulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve kurulurken bilimsel geli\u015fmeleri takip ederek kuruldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Bu noktada ara\u015ft\u0131rma kavram\u0131 ve bilimsel haz\u0131rl\u0131k, bilimsel geli\u015fme, Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminde kurulan kurumlar i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir\u00a0\u015fey haline geliyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ayn\u0131 zamanda Cumhuriyet d\u00f6nemlerinden g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kalan mimari a\u00e7\u0131dan da \u00f6nemli olan Merkez H\u0131fz\u0131ss\u0131hha Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc bu anlay\u0131\u015fa g\u00fczel bir \u00f6rnek olu\u015fturuyor. Binada bulunan Hygieai kabartmas\u0131, Yunan Mitolojisinde Sa\u011fl\u0131k ve Temizlik Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 olarak bilinir ve Sa\u011fl\u0131k, Hekim Tanr\u0131s\u0131 Asklepios’un k\u0131z\u0131 olarak bilinir. Hijyen kelimesi de Yunanca “Hygieai” kelimesinden geliyor. Asklepios’un g\u00f6revi \u015fifa vermek ve hekimlik yapmak, Hygieai’nin g\u00f6revi ise sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 korumakt\u0131r. Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n simgesi haline gelen y\u0131lan, Asklepios’ta asaya dolanm\u0131\u015f bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6r\u00fcrken, Hygieai’de kadehe dolanm\u0131\u015f bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. Hygieai, Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminin \u00f6nemli mimarl\u0131k miraslar\u0131ndan biri olan H\u0131fz\u0131s\u0131hha’n\u0131n sembol\u00fc haline geliyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"http:\/\/agorapostasi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/kimyahane-ve-bakteriyoloji-binasi-1927-edited.gif\")
Ve H\u0131fz\u0131ss\u0131hha Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce etraf\u0131nda Refik Saydam\u2019\u0131n \u00f6nderli\u011finde kuruluyor. Refik Saydam, ilk Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakan\u0131 ayn\u0131 zamanda ilk Bilim Tarih\u00e7ilerimizden olan Adnan Ad\u0131var\u2019dan sonra uzun y\u0131llar Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015f\u00a0ve H\u0131fz\u0131s\u0131hha Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn kurulu\u015funda, sa\u011fl\u0131k politikalar\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli rol oynayan bir T\u00fcrk hekim. Daha sonraki y\u0131llardan Enstit\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn ismi de\u011fi\u015ftirilerek Refik Saydam\u2019\u0131n ismi veriliyor ve Ensit\u00fct\u00fc, Refik Saydam H\u0131fz\u0131s\u0131hhha Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc ad\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
H\u0131fz\u0131ss\u0131hha Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn salg\u0131n hastal\u0131klarla m\u00fccadele konusunda yarar sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 1928\u2019deki tasar\u0131da ifade ediliyor. Ankara\u2019da kurulacak olan bu kurumun modern cihazlarla donat\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 ve b\u00f6ylece d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan gelen her t\u00fcrl\u00fc ilac\u0131n kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131naca\u011f\u0131 belirtiliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
27 May\u0131s 1928\u2019de kabul edilen tasar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerine daha \u00f6nce kurulan Bakteriyolojihaneler birle\u015ftirilerek H\u0131fz\u0131s\u0131hha Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc olu\u015fturuluyor. Kurulu\u015f\u00a0yasas\u0131na g\u00f6re H\u0131fz\u0131ss\u0131hha Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn asli g\u00f6revi, halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumak ve geli\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapmakt\u0131. Bu yasaya g\u00f6re Enstit\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn g\u00f6revinin yaln\u0131zca a\u015f\u0131 ve serum \u00fcretmek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ayn\u0131 zamanda bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar i\u00e7in g\u00fczel bir merkez olu\u015fturulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"http:\/\/agorapostasi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/EUiUGatXQAAJXnS.jpeg\")
H\u0131fz\u0131ss\u0131hha Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, kuruldu\u011fu y\u0131llarda d\u00f6rt\u00a0\u015fubeden olu\u015fuyordu. Bakteriyolojihane, Kimyahane, Farmakoloji ve \u00dcmminobiyoloji\u00a0\u015fubeleri olarak a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131yor. Her\u00a0\u015fubede birden fazla laboratuvar bulunuyor. Ve bu laboratuvarlar, Avrupa\u2019dan getirtilen aletlerle donat\u0131l\u0131yor. Bu\u00a0\u015fekilde \u00fcretim ve analizin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar da yap\u0131lmaya ba\u015flan\u0131yor. Enstit\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn ilk y\u0131llardaki kadrosu 14 uzman ve 40 yard\u0131mc\u0131dan olu\u015fuyor. Enstit\u00fc kurulduktan sonra ilk a\u015f\u0131 ve serum \u00fcretimleri ba\u015fl\u0131yor.\u00a0\u0130stanbul\u2019da kurulmu\u015f\u00a0olan A\u015f\u0131hane de 1934\u2019te H\u0131fz\u0131ss\u0131hha Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019ne dahil ediliyor ve bu\u00a0\u015fekilde \u00e7i\u00e7ek a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 \u00fcretimi \u00e7o\u011falmaya ba\u015fl\u0131yor. H\u0131fz\u0131ss\u0131hha Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nde yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, yaln\u0131zca serum ve a\u015f\u0131 \u00fcretimi yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Yabanc\u0131 uzmanlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda, Avrupa\u2019da e\u011fitim g\u00f6r\u00fcp Enstit\u00fc\u2019de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapan bir\u00e7ok bilim insan\u0131 da burada yeti\u015fiyor ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yap\u0131yor. \u00d6nceki yaz\u0131mda bahsetmi\u015f\u00a0oldu\u011fum Remziye Hisar gibi…<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, H\u0131fz\u0131ss\u0131hha Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn mecmuas\u0131 olan \u201cT\u00fcrk H\u0131fz\u0131ss\u0131hha ve Tecr\u00fcbi Biyoloji Mecmuas\u0131\u201dnda yay\u0131mlanmaya ba\u015fl\u0131yor. Ve bu mecmuada Kimya, Biyoloji, Farmakoloji, Toksikoloji, \u0130mm\u00fcnoloji, Halk Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Epidemiyoloji gibi bir\u00e7ok alanlarda ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ve derlemeler yay\u0131mlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sonraki y\u0131llarda, sa\u011fl\u0131k personeli yeti\u015ftirmek ve e\u011fitimler vermek \u00fczere 1936 y\u0131l\u0131nda H\u0131fzs\u0131hha Mektebi a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131yor. \u00dcretimin, ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra e\u011fitime verilen \u00f6nemi de bu okulun kurulmas\u0131ndan anlayabiliriz. H\u0131fz\u0131ss\u0131hha Enstit\u00fc, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bilim alan\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok kap\u0131y\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131yor. \u0130lk y\u0131llar\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan laboratuvarlarla kalm\u0131yor ilerleyen y\u0131llarda, Biyolojik Kontrol Laboratuvar\u0131, Kolera Referans Laboratuvar\u0131, Analitik Toksikoloji Laboratuvar\u0131, \u0130la\u00e7 Kontrol Laboratuvar\u0131 gibi farkl\u0131 alanlarda laboratuvarlar a\u00e7\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. H\u0131fz\u0131ss\u0131hha Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc ile birlikte T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bir\u00e7ok ilkler de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor, ilk kez antibiyotik ve vitaminlerin kalite kontrol\u00fcne ba\u015flan\u0131yor. Bu anlamda tarihimizde H\u0131fz\u0131s\u0131hha Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ve salg\u0131n hastal\u0131klarla m\u00fccadele a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir yer tutuyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" D\u00fcnyaca ge\u00e7irdi\u011fimiz bu salg\u0131n g\u00fcnlerinden de anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00fczere toplumu olu\u015fturan bireylerin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, toplum i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli. \u00c7o\u011fu \u00fclkede sa\u011fl\u0131k alan\u0131nda yap\u0131lan politikalar\u0131n ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00fclkenin kalk\u0131nmas\u0131yla, bilim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131yla da yak\u0131ndan ilgili…<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"http:\/\/agorapostasi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/5e79d28f18c77317f0f517bb.jpeg\")
H\u0131fz\u0131s\u0131hha Okulu\u2019nun kurulmas\u0131ndan 1 y\u0131l sonra kuduz serumu \u00fcretilmeye ba\u015flan\u0131yor. Ve bu d\u00f6nemde Yunanistan\u2019a, Suriye\u2019ye, Irak\u2019a tetenoz ve difteri serumlar\u0131 g\u00f6nderildi\u011fi biliniyor. Ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00c7in\u2019deki kolera salg\u0131n\u0131 zaman\u0131nda, \u00c7in\u2019e bir milyon ki\u015fiye yetecek kadar kolera a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 g\u00f6nderiliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n![\"\"](\"http:\/\/agorapostasi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/5e79d28818c77317f0f517b8.jpeg\")